Herbert Gladstone Hopwood

Admiral, U.S. Navy

Herbert Gladstone Hopwood was born on 23 November 1898 in Shamokin, PA, to Kendrick and Anna Williams Hopwood. He graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1919.

His first assignments were to the battleships USS New Jersey and Oklahoma during the last months of World War I. Between the wars, he served aboard the transport USS America in the Asiatic Station, the battleship USS Florida, the destroyer USS Hopkins, the fleet replenishment oiler USS Ramapo, and the heavy cruiser USS Indianapolis.

He commanded the destroyer USS Hart from 1928-29, commanded the destroyer USS Mahan from 1938-39, and served as Executive Officer of the destroyer tender USS Melville from 1939-40. Staff assignments included tours as an Instructor in Ordnance and Gunnery at the Naval Academy; as Aide to the Commandant of the Fourth Naval District; and afloat as Flag Lieutenant on the staffs of Commander Destroyers, Battle Force and Commander Scouting Force.

From the beginning of World War II to June 1944, he served in the Bureau of Naval Personnel, with additional duty on the Joint Chiefs of Staff Planning Staff. As Director of Planning and Control in the Bureau of Naval Personnel, he implemented the program that dramatically expanded the Navy to meet wartime personnel requirements, and was promoted to Captain. He went to sea as Commanding Officer of the light cruiser USS Cleveland from 14 August 1944 to early 1945, participating in the capture of Peleliu, Anguar, and Ngesebus; and the recapture of Corregidor and Mariveles.

Service as a Flag Officer

After the war, he returned to Washington, DC, for a series of staff assignments and promotion to Rear Admiral. He served successively as Assistant Chief of Naval Personnel; as Assistant Chief of Naval Operations; as Budget Director of the Navy from 1946-50, in which role he played a minor part in the Revolt of the Admirals when his testimony before a Congressional committee suggested that Secretary of Defense Louis Johnson had usurped the powers of Congress by unilaterally refusing to spend appropriated funds; and as Deputy Comptroller of the Navy Department from 1950-52.

He went to sea in command of Cruiser Division Three and Cruiser Destroyer Force, Pacific Fleet from 1952-53, and was assigned as Chief of Staff and Aide to the Commander-in-Chief of the Pacific Fleet from 1953-55. He was promoted to Vice Admiral in 1955 and appointed commander of the First Fleet, then served as Deputy Chief of Naval Operations (Logistics) from 1957-58.

On 1 February 1958, he was promoted to the four-star rank of Admiral and appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Pacific Fleet (CINCPACFLT), a command that included about 400 ships, half a million men, and 3,000 aircraft. On 23 August, the Second Taiwan Strait Crisis erupted when People's Liberation Army forces began shelling Republic of China positions on the disputed islands of Quemoy and Matsu. Hopwood deployed the Seventh Fleet into the Taiwan Strait to help the Nationalist government protect Quemoy's supply lines, as directed by Admiral Harry D. Felt, Commander in Chief, Pacific (CINCPAC).

In January 1960, Hopwood participated in the first public demonstration of a new Navy communications system that used the moon as a radio relay to exchange teletype messages between Hopwood in Hawaii and Chief of Naval Operations Arleigh Burke in Washington. In June, he hosted President Dwight D. Eisenhower at Kaneohe Marine Corps Air Station when the President took a brief holiday in Hawaii following a trip to the Far East. He was relieved by Admiral John H. Sides on 30 August 1960 and retired from the Navy on 1 September 1960.

Medals and Awards

He was twice awarded the Legion of Merit for his World War II service, once as Director of Planning and Control in the Bureau of Naval Personnel and once as Commanding Officer of the light cruiser USS Cleveland.

Honors

He is the namesake of Hopwood Junior High School in Saipan, originally the first institution of higher learning in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, which was renamed in his honor in the late 1950s when he was Commanding Officer for the Northern Marianas as CINCPACFLT.

In Retirement

After retiring from the Navy, he worked as vice president in charge of operations for the Grace Steamship Company until 1964.

Personal

He married Jean Fulton and they lived in retirement in Short Hills, NJ. They had three children: son, Herbert Gladstone Jr., an officer in the Navy Medical Corps and later a prominent obstetrician in Arlington, VA; son, Kendrick Alexander; and daughter, Jean.

Death and Burial

Admiral Herbert Gladstone Hopwood died on 15 September 1966 at St. Barnabas Hospital in Livingston, NJ. He was 67. He is buried at Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington, VA.