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First Name: Thomas

Last Name: Baker

Birthplace: Troy, NY, USA

Gender: Male

Branch: Army (1784 - present)



Home of Record: Troy, NY
Middle Name: Alexander



Date of Birth: 25 June 1916

Date of Death: 07 July 1944

Rank: Sergeant

Years Served: 1940 - 1944
Thomas Alexander Baker

   
Engagements:
•  World War II (1941 - 1945)

Biography:

Thomas Alexander Baker
Sergeant, U.S. Army
Medal of Honor Recipient
World War II

Sergeant Thomas Alexander Baker (25 June 1916 - 7 July 1944) was a U.S. Army soldier who received the U.S. military's highest award for valor, the Medal of Honor, for his actions in World War II during the Battle of Saipan.

Thomas Alexander Baker was born on 25 June 1916, in Troy, NY, and later joined the Army from that city. On 19 June 1944, Baker was serving as a Private in Company A of the 105th Infantry Regiment, 27th Infantry Division. On that day on Saipan in the Marianas Islands, he advanced ahead of his unit with a bazooka and destroyed a Japanese emplacement which was firing on his company. Several days later, he single-handedly attacked and killed two groups of Japanese soldiers. On 7 July, Baker's position came under attack by a large Japanese force. Although seriously wounded early in the attack, he refused to be evacuated and continued to fight in the close-range battle until he ran out of ammunition. When a fellow soldier was wounded while trying to carry him to safety, Baker insisted that he be left behind. At his request, his comrades left him propped against a tree and gave him a pistol that had eight bullets remaining. When American forces retook the position, they found the empty pistol and eight dead Japanese soldiers around Baker's body.

Baker was posthumously promoted to Sergeant and, on 9 May 1945, awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions throughout the battle for Saipan.

Medal of Honor

Rank and organization: Sergeant, U.S. Army, Company A, 105th Infantry, 27th Infantry Division.

Place and date: Saipan, Mariana Islands, 19 June to 7 July 1944.

Citation: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty at Saipan, Mariana Islands, 19 June to 7 July 1944. When his entire company was held up by fire from automatic weapons and small-arms fire from strongly fortified enemy positions that commanded the view of the company, Sgt. (then Pvt.) Baker voluntarily took a bazooka and dashed alone to within 100 yards of the enemy. Through heavy rifle and machinegun fire that was directed at him by the enemy, he knocked out the strong point, enabling his company to assault the ridge. Some days later while his company advanced across the open field flanked with obstructions and places of concealment for the enemy, Sgt. Baker again voluntarily took up a position in the rear to protect the company against surprise attack and came upon 2 heavily fortified enemy pockets manned by 2 officers and 10 enlisted men which had been bypassed. Without regard for such superior numbers, he unhesitatingly attacked and killed all of them. Five hundred yards farther, he discovered 6 men of the enemy who had concealed themselves behind our lines and destroyed all of them. On 7 July 1944, the perimeter of which Sgt. Baker was a part was attacked from 3 sides by from 3,000 to 5,000 Japanese. During the early stages of this attack, Sgt. Baker was seriously wounded but he insisted on remaining in the line and fired at the enemy at ranges sometimes as close as 5 yards until his ammunition ran out. Without ammunition and with his own weapon battered to uselessness from hand-to-hand combat, he was carried about 50 yards to the rear by a comrade, who was then himself wounded. At this point Sgt. Baker refused to be moved any farther stating that he preferred to be left to die rather than risk the lives of any more of his friends. A short time later, at his request, he was placed in a sitting position against a small tree. Another comrade, withdrawing, offered assistance. Sgt. Baker refused, insisting that he be left alone and be given a soldier's pistol with its remaining 8 rounds of ammunition. When last seen alive, Sgt. Baker was propped against a tree, pistol in hand, calmly facing the foe. Later Sgt. Baker's body was found in the same position, gun empty, with 8 Japanese lying dead before him. His deeds were in keeping with the highest traditions of the U.S. Army.

Honors

In November 2009, a memorial honoring Sergeant Thomas A. Baker and fellow Troy natives Major General Ogden Ross and Lieutenant Colonel William J. O'Brien was installed in the Rensselaer County office building. O'Brien, like Baker a member of the 105th Infantry, was also posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions on Saipan; he died there within hours of Baker. Ross was a former commander of the 105th Infantry and an assistant divisional commander during the Battle of Saipan. The memorial includes replicas of the Medals of Honor awarded to Baker and O'Brien.

Death and Burial

Sergeant Thomas Alexander Baker was killed in action on 7 July 1944. He is buried at Gerald B. H. Solomon Saratoga National Cemetery in Schuylerville, NY.



Honoree ID: 1276   Created by: MHOH

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